捨去熱情的心態（世界能給我什麼？），轉為工匠的心態（我可以給世界什麼好東西？）。在自己的工作上成為絕對專家。累積稀有和珍貴的技能──你的職涯資本──就可以用來打造未來你喜愛的事業。

職涯資本究竟是什麼？可以這麼說：

■ 每個領域都有一些具體特質可以用來描述和界定卓越表現。世界一流的工作者都能掌握這些特質。

■ 這些特質稀有罕見，因此非常珍貴。

■ 要擁有這些特質，你必須付出代價，去學習、練習，最後表現出來。你必須不計代價讓自己成為領域中的巨匠。

那麼，你要如何累積職涯資本？最關鍵的一種叫作「刻意練習」 ，就是接受有系統的安排，改善你在專業領域的表現。藉由從事可以擴展能力的活動，強迫自己變得更好，超越自己的極限。你也利用了別人（你的教練或教練團）的專業知識，因為他們知道要如何才能表現優異。

在今天的經濟環境下，有一個無可否認的事實，那就是你再也找不到什麼好工作，是有人明確告訴你該做什麼的。這樣的工作都陸續外包出去，被最低價的競標者標去了，不論是實體或數位的作業方式皆然。或者，這些重複性質的工作，都已經自動化了。換句話說，今天世界上所有的人，都面臨了一個發人深省的抉擇：

與其原地踏步，努力想成為更好的螺絲釘，不如掌握良機，往不同的方向去闖。要開始努力成為輪栓人才，時機已經成熟，因為輪栓人才是明日高價值組織中，至關重大的構件。

我們所想要、所需要、所必須擁有的，是不可或缺的人才。我們需要有原創想法的人、能激發他人的人，以及真心關懷的人。我們需要有領導力的行銷人、能冒險去搭建人脈的業務人員，還有在必要時願意下台以明志的熱忱改革者。每個組織都需要輪栓人才，這樣的人能夠維繫一切，有所做為。有些組織尚未了解到這一點，或者還無法清楚闡釋這一點，然而我們確實需要藝術家。藝術家具備天分，能夠找到新的解答、新的連結，或是做出成果的新方法。

想為未來做好準備，沒有一體適用的方法。你需要更多選項，方法是培養多元而且持續擴大的人際網絡。人脈的好處在於可以增進和促進工作上的合作，不但幫你達到績效目標，還能提供支援。

無論是否已經刻意經營人脈，你的人生一定會有2種基本人脈：

1 私人人脈是指親朋好友，他們會盡其所能地幫你，這些都是與你互動頻繁，而且大力支持你、陪伴你的人。

2 工作上的人脈涵蓋你在工作領域接觸到的所有人，除了直接接觸的同事之外，還包括合作專案的對象、合作廠商、在研討會認識的人、工作上持續往來的人等等。

無論哪種人脈，都會有「強連結」和「弱連結」。雖然乍聽有點奇怪，但是找新工作或職涯晉升需要有人幫忙的時候，與你保持弱連結關係的人要比強連結來得更有價值，因為強連結的人可能思考模式跟你很像，而弱連結的人跟你沒那麼親近，往往能夠提供最多元的選項和可能性。

Instead of having a passion mindset ( "what can the world offer me?" ) build a craftsman mindset ("what great stuff can I offer the world?" ). Become an absolute expert at what you do. Build up your reservoir of rare and valuable skills -- your career capital -- which you can use in the future to construct a career you love.

What exactly is career capital? Think of it this way:

■ In every field, there are some specific traits which characterize and define great work. World-class performers have mastered those traits.

■ Those traits are rare and therefore they are valuable.

■ To acquire those traits, you have to pay the price required in terms of learning, practice and then ultimately performance. You have to do whatever it takes to become a master craftsman in your field.

So how do you go about building career capital? The key is something called deliberate practice, the whole ethos of which involves undertaking a systematic program to improve performance in your area of specialization. You push the envelope by doing things which stretch your capabilities and force you to get better. You're also tapping into the know-how of people (your coach or coaches) who already know what it takes to excel.

An undeniable fact is that in today's economy, you no longer get a great job where people tell you precisely what to do. Those kinds of jobs are being outsourced elsewhere—physically or digitally—to the lowest bidders. Or these kinds of repetitive tasks are being automated. Put differently, everyone in the world today faces a thought provoking decision:

Instead of staying on the treadmill and trying to become a better cog, it's time to seize the opportunity to strike out in a different direction. The time is ripe to start moving towards becoming a linchpin because it is linchpins who will be the essential building blocks of the highvalue organizations of tomorrow.

What we want, what we need, what we must have are indispensable human beings. We need original thinkers, provocateurs, and people who care. We need marketers who can lead, salespeople able to risk making a human connection, passionate change makers willing to be shunned if it is necessary for them to make a point. Every organization needs a linchpin, the one person who can bring it together and make a difference. Some organizations haven't realized this yet, or haven't articulated it yet, but we need artists. Artists are people with a genius for finding a new answer, a new connection, or a new way of getting things done.

When it comes to preparing for tomorrow, one size does not fit all. You need options and a good way to do this is to build a diverse and ever-expanding personal network. Networks are great because they encourage and facilitate collaboration on the job, they can assist you in meeting your performance targets and they provide support.

Whether you realize it or even deliberately work on it, you already have two basic networks in your life:

1 Your personal network is populated with family and good friends who would be prepared to go out of their way to help you. These are people you see often and who provide great support and companionship.

2 Your professional network includes all the people you interact with at work. In addition to direct colleagues or peers, this network will include those you collaborate with on projects, suppliers, people you meet at conferences, those you keep in touch with professionally, and so on.

Within each network, you will have "strong ties" with some people and "weak ties" with others. As strange as it may sound at first, when you're looking for a new job or for help with career advancement the weak ties will be more valuable to you than those you share strong ties with. The reason for that is the people with strong ties will probably already think the way you do. The people with weak ties will be less directly linked with you and will throw up the most diverse options and possibilities.

推薦書單

NO.375 我是關鍵零組件
Linchpin: Are You Indispensable?: How to drive your career and create a remarkable future
by 賽斯．高汀（Seth Godin）
中文版：《夠關鍵，公司就不能沒有你》（李茲文化，2011）

NO.466 職涯資本勝出法則
So Good They Can't Ignore You: Why Skills Trump Passion in the Quest for Work You Love
by 卡爾．紐波特（Cal Newport）
中文版：《深度職場力》（天下文化，2018）

NO.639 不被淘汰的能力
Stretch: How to Future-Proof Yourself for Tomorrow's Workplace
by 卡莉．威爾德（Karie Willyerd） 、芭芭拉．米斯蒂克（Barbara Mistick）